A data integrity evidence trail.

One practical question: where does FDA guidance discuss backup records, and which requirement does it cite?

Worked example

FDA · Guidance for industry · December 2018

MapRegulaWorked example
Data integrity in drug manufacturing

Follow the source

FDA guidanceFDA

Data Integrity and Compliance With Drug CGMP

Questions and Answers

December 2018

An FDA guidance document can lead you to the requirements it cites. This example follows the reference to computer systems and backup records.

Source locationSection II · Printed page 2
Read FDA guidance
Source-based illustration · Location checked manually

This is a source-based illustration. The page location was checked manually; it is not a claim of automatic locator completeness across the database.

Data Integrity and Compliance With Drug CGMP

An FDA guidance document can lead you to the requirements it cites. This example follows the reference to computer systems and backup records.

Location: Section II · Printed page 2

Read FDA guidance

21 CFR § 211.68

Continue to the cited regulation and review the requirement in its own context. The current eCFR text may differ from the edition referenced by a historical guidance.

Location: Paragraph (b)

Read the regulation

Check the wording in context.

“backup data are exact and complete”

The phrase appears in the FDA guidance’s discussion of § 211.68. Open the original publication to read the surrounding discussion.

Location: Section II · Printed page 2 / PDF page 6

Open the source passage

Read the source in context.

The guidance is dated December 2018. The eCFR link opens the current regulation. Check the edition and applicability for your review.

A reference connection does not establish compliance or an effect on your SOP.